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Culturally Competent Nursing

Culturally Competent Nursing

Megan Malugani | Monster Contributing Writer

Many nurses might regard a patient who refuses to take a certain medication, constantly has a roomful of visitors or demands that a family member feed him as noncompliant. However, nurses who dig deeper may discover these behaviors are a product of the patient’s cultural beliefs and values – deep-rooted ideologies that nurses can preserve or accommodate.

“To be a true patient advocate, a nurse needs to be culturally aware,” says Sue Hasenau, RN, MSN, a certified neonatal nurse practitioner and member of the TransCultural Nursing Society.

Providing effective, sensitive healthcare for patients of other cultures requires empathy, flexibility and a commitment to continuous learning. How can nurses successfully work with and care for the nation’s increasingly diverse patient population? Here are some general guidelines:

Don’t Make Assumptions

Patients from other parts of the world may experience entirely different medical issues than US patients. Gihan ElGindy, RN, MSN, executive director of the Transcultural Educational Center in McLean, Virginia, learned this firsthand when she developed a breast-cancer awareness program for recent immigrants from areas in Africa, the Middle East and Asia that are virtually cancer-free. While many of the 500 women in the program had never heard of breast cancer, their risk level increases the longer they live in the US. “Our American literature says these groups of women are ignorant or don’t comply,” ElGindy says. “But why [would] they have to know about cancer if it doesn’t exist in their countries?”

Explain Every Detail

Healthcare jargon is especially difficult for people whose native language is not English. The women in the breast-cancer program, for instance, had “no clue about the American terminology we use but were too shy to say they didn’t understand,” ElGindy relates. For example, when one of the questions on ElGindy’s initial survey asked, “Do you have Medicare or Medicaid?” some respondents assumed that Medicaid and Medicare were forms of cancer.

Ask About Alternative Approaches to Healing

Many people from other cultures seek herbal remedies from traditional healers, says medical anthropologist Geri-Ann Galanti, PhD, author of Caring for Patients from Different Cultures and founder of the Web site Cultural Diversity in Healthcare. Some herbal remedies may be harmful or interact poorly with Western medicine, so it’s especially important that nurses ask about these alternative treatments.


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    rajkumarjonnala

    over 1 year ago

    100 comments

    Very great thing you are doing.
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    emtpixie

    over 4 years ago

    328 comments

    Awesome article. But I do have a bit of a rant. I am all for cultural diversity and I have no problem providing care for ANYONE. But I do have to get annoyed when some patients (or family) thinks I should automatically know their customs and beliefs about healthcare or most anything else and provide care in that way. I would much rather a pt. TELL me and be upfront about their beliefs so that I can try to work with it as much as possible. It may not be as much of a problem on the units as a pt's chart will likely reflect their religion, but out in the streets or in the ER it may not be known. Then we get complaints and accusations of abuse due to a certain procedure or med. that we didn't know was against a pt's beliefs. It really gets aggravating when you're accosted by a mob of angry people accusing you of being insensitive or humiliating their family member. We've had it happen several times with pt's with an altered mental status. How the heck were we supposed to know?

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    Account Removed

    over 4 years ago

    I am a little confused over nursingaround's outrage, but other nurses react the same way to articles like this. O.K., maybe you don't need to be told how to be culturally aware, which is great. The article simply is about awareness. Some nurses get frustrated over trying to care for certain patients, and don't see "the big picture". The Maori probably have their reasons for feeling the way they do about the health care system and the legal system. We face the same hurdles here with Native Americans. Perception is reality. As a nurse, you can still have a healing, therapeutic relationship with a patient even though they are from a competely different culture than you. That is what this article is about.

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    nursingaround

    over 4 years ago

    30 comments

    for crying out loud, this is old school bullshiit, In New Zealand we're hammered with this cultural sensitivity bullshiit. I don't need to be told how to be culturally aware about my patients. If you treat people with respect, be aware that people have different values and ways of dealing with illness, and not be afraid to ask when unsure of something, plus being open to new ideas, there's no bloody problem.
    In New Zealand to graduate we had to spend a night on a Marae (traditional maori village) where we were told how racist the health system was, as well as the legal system. In fact we were told the Maori should have a sepearte maori health system. Talk about reverse racism!!!
    And yes, I've heard the story about too many relatives, refuses certain meds etc. Well, in an ideal world i'd love to have as many relatives as i'd like when i'm sick. We try to be accomadiing. Being seen to try is almost as important as acutally doing something extra and nice.

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    mickalynn

    over 4 years ago

    2 comments

    What a helpful article. As a nursing student I have experienced several different cultures. What I felt was non compliant was the patient's belief. I feel that the article helped identify one of the biggest problems in America's diverse healthcare system. It is very important to accomadate different cultures beliefs. As westeners we believe that a person can only get better if THEY try their hardest. In most cultures it is appropriate for the sick person to heal and get back to their earlier strength slowly. I don't know why that is but it works for them so who are we to judge their beliefs? Mickalynn

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    bourdony

    over 4 years ago

    68 comments

    cultural differences is what makes us unique. it gives life flavor and spice. first of all we are all different to begin with. being aware of others cultures and differences allows us to give better quality health care. we can also learn from them and expand our already diverse knowledge. many times someone from another culture or belief can show us better ways to provide the care they may need. it should not matter gender sexual preference color or country of birth. after all we are all unique and special we are human. bourdony

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    bubbabubba

    over 4 years ago

    22 comments

    This was an excellent article--Not only should nurses be aware of cultural differences in people from OTHER places, but from right here at home as well. As a teacher, we work on diversity in the college setting......Diversity in regard to Gender, Ethnicity, Sexual Orientation--etc....all these are important for us. Same sex health care if a patient wants it? Of course, if possible--Dietary accomodation? Of coursse if possible. We do those things as educators and nurses who try to "accomodate" are to be commended.--BUBBA

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    WeekendWarriorATL

    over 4 years ago

    62 comments

    The diversity of the people that we care for is one of the most beautiful things about our profession. Just by going to work every day you can open your eyes to all sorts of cultural differences.

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    LyndaleAWeaver

    over 4 years ago

    16 comments

    being of a differance culture Caribbean in nature i can relate tocultural differances in regards to health care.

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    theala

    over 5 years ago

    418 comments

    Excellent article. In my OB class, one of the projects my students have to do is a cultural presentation. They have to research and do an inservice on the cultural beliefs regarding pregnancy, labor, post partum recovery, and neonatal care for a cultural group of their choice. I allow the students wide latitude in how they do their presentations, and encourage them to be inventive. They're lots of fun. Often the students will do skits, wear costumes, bring food, or cultural articles to enhance their presentations.

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    RNiAM

    over 5 years ago

    286 comments

    This is a great reminder of the diversity that we may experience. However, it appears to be difficult to me, to be aware of cultural practices that are not common in your demographic. I wonder what kinds of resources are available to research a culture you are not familiar within the medical facilities? While we are taught cultural practices in school, but without actually practicing it's hard to recall.

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    charlita

    over 5 years ago

    2976 comments

    good article

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