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Nation's First Face Transplant Done in Cleveland

Dr. Maria Siemionow replaced 80 percent of a woman's face with that of a dead female donor. The hospital spokeswoman said that the operation was done a couple weeks ago. (AP Photo/Amy Sancetta, File)

Arthur Caplan, a leading bioethicist who has expressed grave concerns in the past about such surgery, withheld judgment on the Cleveland case but said the woman’s doctors should give her the option of assisted suicide if they wind up making her life worse.

“The biggest ethical problem is dealing with failure — if your face rejects. It would be a living hell,” said Caplan, bioethics chief at the University of Pennsylvania. “If your face is falling off and you can’t eat and you can’t breathe and you’re suffering in a terrible manner that can’t be reversed, you need to put on the table assistance in dying.”

Siemionow’s long and careful preparation should help prevent such a horrific outcome, those familiar with her said. Siemionow, (pronounced SIM-en-now), 58, a noted hand microsurgeon, has been testing the surgical approach and ways to temper the immune system’s response in experiments for more than a decade.

She considered dozens of burn victims and other potential candidates over the past four years, ever since the clinic’s internal review board gave her permission to attempt the operation. She said she would choose someone severely disfigured as her first case.

“She’s a leader in this field. She’s been investigating this for a long time. She has done the most amount of research in small animals looking at this,” said Dr. Warren Breidenbach, a surgeon at Jewish Hospital in Louisville, Ky., who did the nation’s first hand transplant, in 1999. Siemionow trained with him in Louisville.

The world’s first partial face transplant was performed in France in 2005 on a 38-year-old woman who had been mauled by her dog. Isabelle Dinoire received a new nose, chin and lips from a brain-dead donor. She has done so astoundingly well that surgeons have become more comfortable with a radical operation considered unthinkable a decade ago.

Two others have received partial face transplants since then — a Chinese farmer attacked by a bear and a European man disfigured by a genetic condition. Both are believed to be doing well, though details, especially of the Chinese case, have been scant.

In the Cleveland case, “it is very important what kind of recipient they selected,” and how great the need was, Pomahac (POE-ma-hawk) said. “Hopefully it will open the door both to the public and to other centers” wanting to do these operations.