Rodenticide Poisoning in Cats


Rodenticide poisoning is the accidental ingestion of products used to kill "rodents" such as mice, rats and gophers. These products are common and accidental exposure is frequent. Poisoning is most commonly caused by ingestion of a product containing one of the following ingredients:

• Bromethalin

• Cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3)

• Strychnine

• Zinc phosphide

• Anticoagulant (warfarin, fumarin, chlorophacinone, diphacinone, difethialone, pindone, bromadiolone, brodaficoum)

 

Younger and older pets tend to be more sensitive to the affects of toxicity and underlying liver disease can exacerbate toxicity.

The impact on the poisoned animal varies depending on the type of poison ingested. An animal may develop a bleeding disorder, neurological problems, gastrointestinal distress or kidney failure. In some cases, rodenticide poisoning is fatal.

What to Watch For

• Depression

• Lethargy

 

• Bleeding

• Loss of appetite

• Vomiting

• Diarrhea

• Increased thirst or urinations

• Lameness

• Incoordination

• Difficulty walking

• Collapse

• Difficulty breathing

• Extreme sensitivity to light

• Noise or touch

• Seizures

• Coma

• Sudden death is possible

Diagnosis

There is no single test that can be performed to make a definitive diagnosis of rodenticide poisoning. However, in addition to a thorough history and physical examination, your veterinarian may recommend one or more of the following tests to aid in the diagnosis.

Tests may include:

• A complete blood count (CBC)

• A serum biochemical profile

• Urinalysis

• Examination of stomach contents

• Platelet count

• Reticulocyte count

• PIVKA (for anticoagulant rodenticide ingestion)

• Clotting tests, such as: an activated clotting time (ACT) test, a prothrombin time (PT) test and an activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) test

Treatment

Therapy for rodenticide poisoning varies based on the type of poison ingested, the amount ingested and the length of time elapsed since ingestion. Treatments may include one or more of the following:

• Vomiting should be induced if ingestion was recent.

• Activated charcoal can be administered to bind poison remaining in the stomach.

• Gastric lavage (pumping the stomach)

• Intravenous fluids

Additional treatments may include:

• Anticonvulsant drugs

• Blood transfusion

• Muscle relaxants

• Drugs to treat kidney failure such as furosemide and dopamine

• Drugs to reduce swelling of the brain such as mannitol and steroids

• Vitamin K1

• Oxygen

• Heat support

• Nutritional support

• Cage rest

• Antibiotics may be prescribed if a concurrent infection is identified or suspected.

Home Care and Prevention

Prevent exposure to poisons. If you normally use rodenticides, store them with special care. When poisons are used, place them in areas in which your pets do not have access. Take special care as rodents may drag poisons within reach of pets. Remember that cats can often crawl in unlikely areas, especially if they smell other animals such as rodents.

Keep your cat indoors to minimize exposure to other people's poisons.

 

Feline Infectious Anemia (Hemobartonellosis)


Feline infectious anemia, also known as hemobartonellosis or feline hemotropic mycoplasmosis, is a parasitic disease of worldwide significance. Affected cats experience some degree of anemia, although it also causes a wide range of other clinical signs that can vary from simple depression and lethargy to fever and shock.

The causative organisms for this disease are Mycoplasma haemofilis previously called Hemobartonella felis large form and Mycoplasma haemominutum previously called Haemobartonella felis small form. They are parasites that affects the outer surface of feline red blood cells. The name of the parasite was changed after extensive study when it was determined that the parasite was genetically similar to other

 

mycoplasma organisms.

Cats of all ages and breeds can be affected. There are several predisposing risk factors for feline hemotropic mycoplasmosis, including the presence of another disease that causes immunosuppression such as cancer or feline leukemia virus (FeLV), deficient vaccination status, history of cat bite abscesses within prior few weeks and cats that have exposure to fleas and ticks. Young intact male cats are at increased risk due to fighting and roaming behaviors.

The primary mode of transmission is by blood sucking arthropods such as fleas, ticks and possibly mosquitoes.

The impact of the disease varies widely. Some cases are mild, while other cases can be associated with severe weakness, depression anorexia, fever, weight loss, anemia, and sometimes death.

 

What to Watch For

• Weakness (sudden or gradual)

• Pale or yellow-tinged mucous membranes in the gums, nose

• Fever

• Diffuse whole-body tenderness

• Rapid breathing rate (tachypnea)

• Weight loss

• Fever

Diagnosis

• Complete blood count including reticulocytes

• Coombs test

• Chemistry panel

• Urinalysis

• Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) testing

• Direct blood smear and microscopic analysis

• PCR analysis. This is the best test to confirm the presence of Mycoplasma haemofelis infection.

Treatment

• Antibiotics. Mycoplasma haemofelis is typically susceptible to tetracycline and doxycycline.

• Corticosteroids, although controversial are used in selected cases

• Blood transfusion in cases of severe anemia

Home Care and Prevention

Carefully monitor your cat during treatment. Administer medications as prescribed and notify your veterinarian if you are having trouble giving the medication. Recheck appointments are very important to make sure your cat continues to improve.

Keeping your cat indoors can help prevent exposure to possible vectors of infection, reduced fighting between cats and reduced exposure to various diseases and viruses. Neuter outside cats to reduce the risk of cat fights. Use medications to prevent fleas and ticks.


 

How often is it normal for a cat to urinate a day?

:

How often is it normal for a cat to urinate a day?


. You wrote asking - How often is it normal for a cat to urinate a day?

The answer is – it depends. Some cats will urinate a couple times a day


– others more frequently depending on much water intake they get (through drinking or canned food).

I'd say most cats urinate two to four times per day. Some cats will have increased volumes of urine (polyuria) or urinate more frequently than normal (Pollikuira). Both of these are abnormal.

A couple articles that might be helpful to you are Polyuria in cats (increased urine production) and Pollakiura in Cats (increased urine frequency).


 

Raw Meat Debate: Should You Feed it to Your Cat


Along with politics and religion, meat is fast becoming one of those topics no one can seem to agree on. The latest argument concerns the quality of commercial pet food fed to dogs and cats.

Some people, including a few veterinarians, believe that raw meat is much healthier for a dog or cat. According to the argument, commercial pet food is over processed and tainted with toxins, which are used to preserve the food and to give it an attractive smell and taste.

 

They advocate feeding fresh, raw meat (and other raw foods, such as vegetables, if appropriate) to pets. The debate is becoming passionate, with claims and counterclaims hurled through cyberspace and in between the pages of magazines. This article explains the arguments pro and con.

Incidentally, a third argument opposes feeding any meat to dogs, cats or people. Vegetarians and vegans (people who refuse to consume any animal product, even milk) believe they can formulate the proper plant-based diet for dogs and cats. This is a fallacy; while a dog can eat a carefully formulated vegetarian diet, cats are strict carnivores and cannot digest plant matter.

There are three major types of raw meat diets:

 

• Commercially available complete raw food diets. Sold frozen, the diets are supposed to be complete and balanced.

• Homemade raw food diets. Suggestions for homemade raw-meat diets abound on the Internet, in magazines and in books. One of the more popular is the Bones And Raw Food diet – which goes by the unappetizing acronym BARF. For a dog, the diet consists of 60 percent raw, meaty bones, and the rest comprising a variety of foods that a wild dog would eat, like green vegetables, eggs, milk and some organs such as liver or kidneys.

• Combination diets. Commercially available grain and supplements are mixed with raw meat.

It should be pointed out that, as a matter of policy, PetPlace.com veterinarians recommend that dogs and cats be fed prepared meat from high quality brands such as Eukanuba or Science Diet.

On the One Hand ...

Proponents of raw meat argue that many commercial pet foods contain numerous toxins that impair the health of the animal, such as sodium nitrate, artificial flavorings and other impurities. Proponents contend that meats have been so overprocessed that they don't contain the right nutrients required by pets. According to Jean Hofve, DVM, in Cats magazine (July 2001), "Doctors and nutritionists have told us for years how important it is for us to eat fresh, raw fruits and vegetables. Similarly, it is better for our cats to eat fresh, raw, species-appropriate food than to be exclusively fed processed, preserved foods."

Dogs and cats who eat an all-fresh food diet are supposed to have better coats, fewer dental problems, fresher breath and less body odor. Furthermore, dogs and particularly cats are natural predators – they simply do better eating fresh, species-appropriate raw meat instead of processed and preserved foods. Cats, for instance, have thrived on hunting and eating their prey raw for eons. Hundreds of thousands of years cannot be waved away by a few generations of eating commercial pet food, they say.

In the same vein, proponents argue that cats and dogs are much more resistant to bacteria, such as E. coli and Salmonella, than people. One of the reasons pet food is so processed is for the safety of the pet owner, not the pet. Careful handing can minimize the risk of human infection.

On the Other Hand ...

Opponents dispute the notion that dogs and cats naturally do better on raw meat diets. There is only "anecdotal" evidence that raw meat is better; in other words, claims made by individuals, which aren't backed up by hard clinical trials.

On the contrary, feeding your pet a raw-meat diet that you balance yourself is dangerous for many reasons. Among them:

• High quality pet food is already balanced for the stage of life and health condition of your pet. Trying to "wing it" by formulating the right balance is very difficult and can easily lead to nutritional deficiency, especially in young, growing pets.

• Bones in meat can splinter and become lodged in the throat or digestive system, where they can block passage or cut tissue. They can also fracture teeth.

• Bacteria in raw meat IS dangerous to pets, as well as owners. Dogs and cats may have persistent diarrhea that their owners just accept as normal. However, this is a sign of illness and can cause other problems down the road, besides the discomfort suffered by the animal.

In the case of cats, proponents of raw meat claim that a cat's digestive system is more acidic and can process food faster, so bacteria does not have time to duplicate and cause illness.

That's nonsense, according to animal nutrition expert Rebecca Remillard, DVM, DACVN, Ph.D. "Everyone's stomach is acidic," she says. "That's how we digest food." Remillard, of Angell Memorial Animal Hospital, said the dietary theories proposed by raw-meat advocates are too vague and are causing a lot of problems in pets. "They're basically saying, 'open the fridge and feed what you want, whenever you want.'"

An article in the March 2001 issue of JAVMA (Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association) compared raw meat diets with high-quality commercial diets. The raw meat diets used in the comparison were well researched and carefully balanced – a big assumption because many people do not have the nutritional experience to formulate such diets.

Even so, the comparison showed that raw meat had significant risks: "The results of the small number of diets analyzed here indicated that there are clearly nutritional and health risks associated with feeding raw food diets. All the diets tested had nutrient deficiencies or excesses that could cause serious health problems when used in a long-term feeding program."

Remillard hopes the raw meat issue is just a passing fad. "There's a general distrust of big business, and the pet food industry is big business," she said. "Add to that, food labels are not understandable and scary. But the risks of raw meat are there. Is the risk worthwhile? No, it isn't."




 

Handling the Loss of a Pet

 

• Be prepared. In some instances the death of a pet can be anticipated; the animal may be old or suffering from an extended illness. Other pet owners will be faced with a sudden loss, the result of an accident or short-term illness. Things that will need to be considered with a gravely ill or seriously injured animal include the pet's quality of life, emotional and financial cost, and when, or if, euthanasia should be considered. It is best to have contemplated these difficult matters beforehand.

•Accept and express your feelings. It is important to understand that grief is a personal experience and there are no right or wrong ways to express it. The most important part of healing is to acknowledge what you are feeling and somehow release it. Try writing your thoughts in a journal or talking with family and friends. A good long cry can help, too.

•Perform rituals. Many people find comfort in rituals, like paying their final respects with a service or setting up a small memorial with photos and objects that had significance in their pet's life, such as a collar, bowl, or toy. It is important to set aside time to think about the good times, and remember to pay extra attention to surviving pets. They may need consolation during this difficult period too.

•Seek support. You may be admonished by well-meaning friends: "He was only a dog." Others may encourage you to "get another one," as if your longtime companion could easily be replaced. This can make expression of your pain even harder. It is important to realize that you are not alone. Speaking with a counselor, joining a support group or participating in an Internet chat room can act as a wonderful resource for consolation and affirmation.

Feeling connected to other people or animals makes it easier to cope. The more emotionally isolated you are, the harder it can be to heal.

Pet loss support groups are available throughout the country. If you have specific questions about euthanasia or you would like more information about pet loss support groups, contact your veterinarian or check your local telephone directory or pet store.

One such group – Pet Loss Support Hotline at the University of California, Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine – was co-founded by Bonnie Mader. The Hotline's toll-free number: (800) 565-1526.


Deciding that you want to feel better is healthy. Some people think that feeling better will take them further away from the relationship they had with their pet. What might be helpful in cases like this is to learn to realize that recovery from grief doesn't mean forgetting about your beloved pet.

Considering Another Pet

A new pet is just that – a new pet. He or she can never replace the pet you lost. If you decide to get another pet, you will be entering into an entirely new and different relationship. Be sure that you are psychologically, physically, and financially ready and willing to commit the time and energy needed to care for a new animal companion, without resentment or unrealistic expectations.

If Dogs Could Talk: A Dog's Top Ten New Year's Resolution List

Top 10 Resolutions by Dogs include:

10. Owner on floor, dog in bed.

9. Stop begging and actually get a seat at the dinner table.

8. Give up the dream of ever catching my tail.

7. Bark like a big dog but still get cuddled on lap like a little dog.

6. Get back at cat for litter box incident.

5. Find every bone I ever buried.

4. No more haircuts! (Come fall, I can go as a Komondor for Halloween).

3. Become alpha dog in my house. Well, at least stop letting the cat push me around.

2. Invent goggles that allow me to see the electric fence.

1. Finally pass that darn AKC Canine Good Citizen test.

Winter's Cold can Cause BIG Problems



Here in the United States we're right in the middle of winter and let me tell you, a LOT of people are unhappy about it!

The snowstorms and ice can certainly cause problems for us. By the time you've bundled up in your coat, scarf, and hat then navigated the slippery sidewalks and freezing car, you still have to contend with the good old “winter cold” that's always going around. Humans aren't the only ones who struggle with the season though. You might not know this but your dog's health can actually suffer due to winter's harsh conditions. The chilly weather can aggravate some chronic conditions or even cause them to surface. That's why today I'd like to discuss things you can do to protect your dog from some of these common issues.

In this newsletter I want to tell you about Colby. This 6-year-old Siberian Husky has been having troubles with persistent pneumonia that only got worse as temperatures dropped. Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lungs that is often caused by a bacterial infection. Symptoms include coughing, wheezing, lethargy, loss of appetite, and fever. Sounds awful, right? Well, it is, and Colby had all the symptoms of a truly nasty case of it. The chilly weather and dry air, as well as the added stress of going from a warm to a cold environment and back again, inevitably made the condition worse.

(As an aside, many conditions are made worse in the winter -not just pneumonia. The cold can aggravate joint pain and limit mobility, and the lower temperatures can tax your dog's immune system and prevent them from fending off more serious infections.)

One cold night Colby's owner suspected the condition had grown worse so they made a trip to the emergency veterinarian. While there Colby received x-rays which showed that his pneumonia had worsened. He stayed in the hospital overnight to receive IV fluids and antibiotics.

The following day, Colby needed various medications and anesthesia so that the veterinarian could perform a scope procedure. During this procedure the vet would observe his respiratory tract and look for a reason for Colby's persistent pneumonia. This was understandably upsetting to his owners. Colby was a healthy dog otherwise and something like this was never expected. Many chronic conditions start just this way, in normally healthy dogs that showed little indication of any problems. Chronic conditions can include pneumonia, diabetes, arthritis, or cancer and treating them can involve extensive and costly procedures.







 

Ear Mites

 

If you see your dog shaking his head and scratching his ears excessively, or if there is an abnormal odor emanating from his ears, he may be suffering from ear mites.

Ear mites are the most common mite to infest dogs and they are very contagious, usually spreading to most dogs in the household.

Ear mites are tiny crab-like parasites that live in the ear canals and head of dogs, and sometimes their bodies. The mites live on the surface of the skin in the ear canal, where they feed on tissue debris and tissue fluids, but they can also spread to the skin. When this happens, your dog's back, neck and tail areas will itch.

Have your dog's ears checked by your veterinarian.

 

Dog with head stuck in container saved after its photo was posted to F a c e b o o k

 

Dog lovers, came to the rescue after a picture posted to F a c e b o o k bshowed a helpless pup with its head stuck inside a plastic container.

"If someone tied you up and went to go beating you or attacking you, there is nothing you can do. Same thing with that dog," rescuer Jess . "If another dog came up and attacked him he can't do a thing, or eat or drink."

McClain and about a dozen other local residents helped in the search for the dog after fellow rescuer Beth   "Got within 15-20 feet and it raised its head but went into the woods," Gresham wrote on . "Came back out and was able to get this pic (it has been zoomed in) I am leaving jobsite now and going back by."

Gresham had tried to help the dog, but she says it was frightened and ran into the nearby woods when she attempted to approach it. No one is sure if the container was placed on the dog's head intentionally or if it accidentally became stuck after looking for food.

The small white dog with black spots appeared very thin and was likely one of many dogs abandoned in the nearby woods, according to Gresham.

Thankfully, the story has a happy ending.  The dog, now named Miracle, was found on Saturday night after rescuers used container cutters to free it. The rescue team also found another stray dog during its search, and it looks as if both will find new homes.

Miracle's rescue was a heartwarming example of social media being used for good. Gresham's photo was shared by hundreds of local

F a c e b o o k users and eventually picked up by  a news station  which ran a story on the search for the dog.

   4 Love Lessons from My Cat

Jake has taught me a lot about love.

 

It's 5:30 AM and I am awakened by the swift moving thud of paws walking over my body to get to my side. Jake is purring like a '57 Chevy on steroids. As he thumps down next to me with his back up against my stomach, I instantly know what he is up to. He is looking for affection and he wants it bad. His passion is absolute and unremitting. He rubs his nose into my hand like he is transposing my scent into his body by making it somehow his own. He whips his head back when I pet him to magnify the touch of my hand on his head. With supreme trust and total abandon he lays his neck open for me to rub it. It's the kind of surrender that touches me, an act of total exposure of the most vulnerable area of his body. Sometimes I wonder why he is so attached to me. I am bowled over by his determined openness. I wish we were all more like him. Our world is too often indifferent, even cold. Our relationships quickly become stale if we don't take an active role to enliven them. So what can we learn from Jake about how to love?

What Jake Has Taught Me About Love:

1. He is unabashed in his ability to express his feelings. When I come home, he makes sure he comes over and rubs up against my leg to say hello. Jake is clear as a bell about his needs. When he wants something, he expresses it; when he doesn't, he doesn't try to pretend like he does. He's honest to a fault. There is something very clean and clear about that. He is undoubtedly a cat, in that he has his schedule and he lets us know when and how he wants to be fed and taken care of. Cats are extremely adept at telegraphing their needs, leaving no doubt whatsoever. So many situations would run more smoothly if we always knew exactly what our partner wanted. How many of us have heard the refrain: "You should just know that about me." Cats never take that into account. No guessing games with Jake. We often don't talk about how we feel and what we want. We expect, assume, clam up and withdraw rather than letting it all out.

2. Jake is nothing if not totally exposed. He goes right for it, revealing himself to the core, and making no bones about it. Jake is unabashed in his ardor for me. He is courageous. I believe that love requires courage, and the ability to tell it like it is. We hedge our bets; we slip and slide so we won't get caught with our proverbial vulnerability showing. We are afraid we will be hurt. My therapist used to say that there is no such thing as a safe life: either we take risks with our feelings or we miss out. He also said that if we want to love hard, we have to work hard. Jake works very hard and loves hard. We can learn from that.

3. Jake lives a balanced life. He makes time to play. He sleeps when he is tired and eats when he is hungry. No games, no martyrdom, just Jake doing what he needs to do. He seems to know what he wants at each moment and makes no excuses. He doesn't ask permission, he just goes. In our relationships, we need to check in with one another, but the more we do things because we think we should, the more it ends up not helping anyone. The Zen masters teach us the "Art of Selfishness." The theory is that if we do for ourselves, we can give the greatest gift of all to those around us: our happiness. Jake is a very happy guy.

4. Jake does not love unconditionally. What I give to him, he gives back but in spades. His return is double my output. He understands what I am doing and will go the distance in a heartbeat. At times I do get very busy and can't give him the kind of attention that he would like. At those times he will fade away and become more distant, like he accepts my absence but is not going to carry on to the extent that he would if I was there for him. He is always ready to respond when I come around. All relationships require attention and effort toward being the kind of person who is worthy of being loved. If I was mean to Jake or yelled at him, he would avoid me. I would expect that. We are all like that. The more we love, the more we are loved.

It's not hard to understand why some people become animal people. They have given up on humans as a source of affection and love. Spirituality is all about being in harmony with nature, and knowing that the animal and natural kingdom has a lot to teach us about love and the pace of things. We have lost touch with our natural way. We have become success-driven, media-oriented and overstimulated. We have forgotten the importance of human touch. We have become inured to the plight of others and think only of the bottom line. We tend to think in immediate terms rather than listening to our hearts while looking down the road toward our future. Jake reminds me that I am a living being and a part of nature, and that we are all in this life together. The sooner we understand that and start taking good care of ourselves and those we love, the better off we will be. It makes sense to open our hearts when we understand that the future of our planet depends on it.

Fleas

 

"Good night. Sleep tight. Don't let the bedbugs bite...”

We've all heard this little rhyme at bedtime when we were children but it's more than a saying; biting bugs like fleas and ticks can be a real nightmare – for you and your dog.

The main goal of fleas and ticks is to find a warm-blooded creature so that they can feed ... and if you don't prevent them, they can get out of control very quickly.

Within 30 minutes, a flea will start feeding on your pet. And in just 24 hours, a flea will start breeding. During peak conditions, an adult flea can lay 28-50 eggs per day that develop into larvae, then pupa and ultimately emerge as adults in as little as 14 days. In fact, one flea can become as many as 100,000 in just 30 days in ideal conditions.

Fleas not only can infest your dog, but your dog's bedding as well as your own! I hope you've never had to experience this, but if you have, you know flea bites are extremely itchy and annoying and can keep you from getting a good night's sleep. This also can be a nightmare for your dog. Flea bites hurt them and keep them awake, too!

So ... with all the potential nightmares of a flea or tick infestation, including the risk of disease not to mention the extreme discomfort, the only logical approach is prevention.

Here are the top 3 ways to avoid or prevent flea and tick infestations:

Avoid environments that harbor these bugs. You can avoid ticks by keeping your dog out of the woods and areas with tall grass or low brush. When traveling, be aware that certain areas of the country have a much higher incidence of ticks (i.e., the Northeast). In addition, because ticks can be carried unknowingly from one place to another on clothing or the body, it is always possible for an individual or animal to come into contact with a tick.

Strike quickly. If you spot a flea on your pet, you'll need to launch a coordinated attack. It's quite difficult to get rid of fleas once you've got them, so you have to move quickly. You not only have to treat your house, yard and dog at the same time, you also have to wash all your dog's bedding and your bedding. A few days or weeks after you kill the adults, the eggs will start hatching again, so you'll have to repeat the process until you've finally got it licked.

Prevention and control are key. Topical spot-on medications are probably the best way to prevent and control fleas and ticks. They're generally applied on the skin between your dog's shoulders once a month. Some of the safest and most effective products that your veterinarian may recommend are:

K9 Advantix

Advantage

Frontline Plus

Flea4X (dogs)

Revolution

Drooling in Dogs

 

Why do dogs drool? Drooling can be normal in some dogs, especially some breeds such as Great Danes or Basset Hounds.

Excessive drooling can occur in any dog and can be caused by a variety of reasons.

For example, some dogs may drool when they smell certain foods or are excited.

Other dogs will drool if they are nauseated or have an oral abnormality such as a dental problem or something caught in their mouths.

Halitosis (Bad Breath) in Dogs

"Doggie breath" most often refers to an unpleasant odor coming from a dog's mouth.

There are several causes for "doggie breath" some of which can be relatively normal for a particular dog to abnormal and associated with tooth or mouth abnormalities.

Problems such as inflammation of the gums, abscessed teeth, bone or hair caught in the mouth, oral ulcers, or tumors in the mouth can all cause bad breath. Kidney failure and lung tumors can also alter breath odor.

If your dog has bad breath, have him examined by your veterinarian to determine if there are any underlying health problems.

Depending on the underlying cause, the cure may be as simple as a dental cleaning or routine brushing of the teeth.

Halitosis is the term used to describe bad breath in dogs.

Foods Dogs Shouldn't Eat

 

Some foods can be dangerous to dogs. Just because you eat it and may like it does not mean it is safe for your pooch.

In generally, it is best not to give your dog the following:

Alcoholic Beverages

Apples, Apricots, Cherries, Peaches and Plums

Avocados

Baking Powder and Baking Soda

Chocolate

Coffee (grounds and beans)

Fatty Foods

Dairy Products

Grapes and Raisins

Macadamia Nuts

Moldy or Spoiled Food

Bones