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Staph, How Contagious?

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Soldiers_2_max50

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Posted almost 6 years ago

 

I was wondering if a person has staph internally, deep into the bone and the doc says on a scale of one to ten the infection is a seven, Would that person need to be in isolation. I mean not only to protect others but to protect them from further infections. Isn't thier imunne system compromised due to the severe staph? I ask b/c I know some one who in kept heavily sedated with this severe infection and when I visited, he's in ICU but we didn't have to mask, scrub, or gown and I didn't understand why more precautions weren't taken for his saftey and others.

271_max50

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Rate This | Posted almost 6 years ago

 

Not a nurse (yet), but have micro under my belt. I will first assume we are talking about Staph. aureus, the most pathogenic of the Staph species. The problem is, we all have Staph aureus on our bodies; we are carriers. Staph is easily transmitted, via fomites, droplets, and skin: that is, nurses, doctors, and visitors; and goes through breaks in the skin or mucous membranes. If your skin was intact going in to visit your friend, you were basically protected. Usually, it causes an infection in older patients when catheters (most common cause of nosocomial infections) or some foreign body is present. It takes 5 million organisms injected into the skin to cause an infection, but only 100 if it is in a suture and tied to the skin. Antibiotics are the treatment, and I will assume your friend was on. That being said, the ole handwashing technique kills Staph aureus on the skin, and that is really only what you needed to do when you left the ICU. HOWEVER, if the wounds were draining, then strict isolation would be required: door closed, private room, gown, gloves, mask, wash hands entering/leaving room. Did I just flip flop? I hope I didn't cause more confusion.

Char_syringe_max50

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Rate This | Posted almost 6 years ago

 

Hopefully this will help. I found this British report on staph (MRSA) infections. Thanks Denis for the response. Does anybody else have any experience dealing with staph infections and their influence on the immune system?

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Rate This | Posted almost 6 years ago

 

I assume we are talking about MRSA. I have sepnt many hrs working with patients who have MRSA, includingmy mother. At the hospital, as nurses, we are required to gown/glove no matter what. Wether the patient has it on the skin or in a wound, lungs... It's universal precautiosn, not just for US but for all our other patients who cannot be exposed to it.

At the hospital where my mom was, she had the infection in a wound that was draining/open. So gloves, down, mask. Now, even if it were on her skin and she was found to carry MRSA we would have had to glove and gown too. That's just the hospital's policy.

I know that there are hospitals in BC (Canada) that only require the visitors to wash their hands and that these patients are not kept in ioslation, like here.

People are sent home with MRSA all the time here. It won't hurt you unless you are immuno compromised or you too have an open wound. People walk around with it in the community and don't even know it.

Simple Staph aureus is different from MRSA, MRSA means that it is resistant to Methiciline and therefore harder to get rid of, though now they use Vancomycin IV and that usually works.

I was a carrier after being a patient for a month and had no idea. It was in my nose (the most common place to carry it) and when it was found out through routine checking, they gave me antibiotic cream to use for a week in my nose and it's gone! Simple.

Here in Quebec we had/have a huge problem with C. Diff and MRSA and VRE in the hospitals. They have worked really hard to get rid of this problem and it is working, albeit slowly.

Char_syringe_max50

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Rate This | Posted almost 6 years ago

 

There have been many news articles on the MRSA superbug outbreaks in Britain and in the US. Has anyone else had experiences dealing with it in their hospitals? What have they been doing to solve the problem or quarantine it?

Nurse_cartoon_max50

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Rate This | Posted almost 6 years ago

 

In Pittsburgh it's been a problem, but not as bad as has been reported in Britain. I read an article about some more extensive problems in Eastern PA though. Does anyone know if there are any US plans afoot to deal with this?

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Rate This | Posted almost 6 years ago

 

Big problems here in Montreal, Qc, Canada. They put people in isolation (one per room) or if more than one person, then they share a room.

They have re-established strict washing guidelines for the housekeeping staff, use of bleach wipes on equipement, rooms, bathrooms... Every isolation room (IF POSSIBLE) has it's own BP/Temp machine, if they must be taken out of the room they are cleaned with the bleach wipes and covered with a plastic sheeting.

All staff who enters a room MUST be gloved and gowned, wash hands upon leaving BEFORE doing anything else. Same with all visitors to those patients.

Nursing staff has to be more vigilant. No cutting corners by anyone.

The floor I was last on, had a HUGE problem with MRSA and C.Difficile and they did this and it did help, A LOT!

N730738523_9859_max50

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Rate This | Posted almost 6 years ago

 

Is this sort of quarantine occurring throughout Canada? Does anyone know of similar quarantines going on in the US?

This seems like a case of healthcare workers not washing their hands properly. When will people learn????

Big_eyes_blank_max50

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Rate This | Posted almost 6 years ago

 

MRSA evolved through overuse of antibiotic therapies. It started when penicillin was the new wonder drug. Everyone wanted some, even if it was just for the sniffles. People didn't finish their entire rounds of antibiotics so the germs became immune to it. Now they needed something stronger which was Methicillin. Same thing applied here as well. Now it's immune to that.. It goes on and on.. Now there is Vancomycin Resistant Staph Aureus. Germs are amazing creatures. They are built to adapt. We, on the other hand, just can't seem to adapt to the idea of not overusing antibiotics. Hand washing is essential. Educating patients visitors to follow the isolation protocols is also important but hard to enforce. People are starting to show up to ERs and doctor's offices with Staph infections without ever being a patient in the hospital. The good thing is that the community version is still susceptible to the lower level antibiotics. We should still isolate or cohort as much as possible and avoid antibiotic therapy at all costs. Hope this helps!

Char_syringe_max50

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Rate This | Posted almost 6 years ago

 

There was an article in the Guardian today about a new ant-MRSA nasal cream that scientists in Britain are developing. The drug is expected to be released in two years. Are there any creams available currently?

Cartoon_nurse_dancing_max50

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Rate This | Posted almost 6 years ago

 

Two years! I guess it will help with the next major outbreak. I agree with on of the other threads that we just need to wash our hands more.

Img_0817_max50

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Rate This | Posted almost 6 years ago

 

They use a cream to treat it in the nose right now, doesn't prevent it though. It's called Bactroban, and is put inside the nasal cavity for a week.

Soldiers_2_max50

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Rate This | Posted almost 6 years ago

 

Thanks for the replies! I am glad to have people to discuss things with.

Archive_nurse_max50

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Rate This | Posted almost 6 years ago

 

Marieke - I read an article about the nasal cream yesterday - is it available in the US and Canada? It said that it would take two years for the nasal cream to be developed.

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Rate This | Posted almost 6 years ago

 

No, that is the NEW one they are developping, the one to PREVENT the spread of MRSA. The one they have now is used to TREAT MRSA once it is found in the nasal pasages.

http://www.gsk.com/products/prescription_medicines/us/bactroban_us.htm

"INDICATIONS AND USAGE: BACTROBAN NASAL is indicated for the eradication of nasal colonization with methicillin-resistant S. aureus in adult patients and health care workers as part of a comprehensive infection control program to reduce the risk of infection among patients at high risk of methicillin-resistant S. aureus infection during institutional outbreaks of infections with this pathogen."

Family_062007_032_max50

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Rate This | Posted almost 6 years ago

 

I don't think all the precautions in the world are going to eliminate these smart bugs. There will always be someone or something that will eventually cause it to be transmitted. I think the problem stems more from the method of killing bacteria. I saw a documentary that discussed how for years Russia treats bacterial infections w/ viruses called Bacteriophages. These are naturally occuring viruses that attack and kill only specific bacteria. The bacteriophages are otherwise harmless to humans and bacteria can't become resistant to them. This treatment is extremely inexpensive and the poor can easily afford it. To my knowledge, they haven't had problems w/ allergic reactions or viruses mutating. Why haven't scientists and pharmaceutical companies jumped on this? I bet it has something to do with being a nonviable money maker for large wealthy pharamaceutical companies and their investors.

Img_0817_max50

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Rate This | Posted almost 6 years ago

 

Do you mean that by touching the boil, can you be infected with staph?

Img_0703_max50

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Rate This | Posted over 5 years ago

 

My husband had a fasciotomy to leg in California. He was placed in a room with another gentleman that was positive for MRSA. I expressed my concern about this, they informed me each pt had different nurses and CNAs. This was to prevent the spread. It seems like the majority of postops were MRSA positive in their wounds in CA...I have never seen that much MRSA. The nurse that was caring for my husband said it's nothing to worry about because almost everyone has MRSA. With that attitude I can see why I took care of many MRSA wounds were I worked...we'd get to do the wound care so they could go home. When I worked in Montana it was so infrequent we would have to pull the policy just to be safe and know what was expected of us.


Please don't pay any attention to my misspelled words or typos. Sorry I'll try harder next time.

Photo_user_blank_big

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Rate This | Posted over 5 years ago

 

JFB said:

Is this sort of quarantine occurring throughout Canada? Does anyone know of similar quarantines going on in the US?

This seems like a case of healthcare workers not washing their hands properly. When will people learn????

no this type of quarantine is not standard in the U.S. I just had a patient last week that had ESBL which is a resistant strain of Klebsiella. She was put on contact precautions which just means really only gloves and disposable equipment unless you believe there is a chance of body fluid exposure to the body, mouth/nose, and or eyes. If this was the case then you would dress accordingly using a gown, mask, and/or goggles.

It is not just about healthcare workers washing their hands. These resistant strains of bacteria are becoming rampant in our communities. Since there in the community, we are going to see more and more cases of MRSA, ESBL, etc in people that are more vulnerable to infection such as children, elderly, individuals infected with HIV, etc.

Someone else mentioned over-prescribing of antibiotics and this also plays a large role in the increased incidents of such infections. Every time bacteria replicate there is a risk they will mutate via borrowing from other bacteria, etc. When they do this, parts of the bacteria may change in such a way that makes antibiotics useless. For example, they may change the make up of their cell wall. Combine over prescribing with increased population, overcrowding in cities, and inadequate hand washing and you get invasion of the superbugs.

Char_syringe_max50

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Rate This | Posted over 5 years ago

 

Staph infections seem to be affecting patients now more than ever according to this feature article.

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Rate This | Posted over 5 years ago

 

My mother in-law pasted away after falling and breaking her hip. They did surgery and put it back in place and then a fever of 103.7 started i called her doc and he said bring her to the hospital so we did well she had a infection so they put in a pic line meds at home 3 x day and back to the hospital in 2 weeks they removed the hip put med. in side left it open it went down hill after that it went life support to vent and then we did what was the best thing we could do and we let her go live her life ...somwhere out of pain the staff infection took over her whole body and killed her so dont play nasty infection!!!!! thank you Desirae

Writer_s_market_max50

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Rate This | Posted over 5 years ago

 

No, I do not mean touching the boil or obvious staph infection; I mean touching-say, their arm or hand, etc.


Jeannie

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Rate This | Posted over 5 years ago

 

Jeannie said:

No, I do not mean touching the boil or obvious staph infection; I mean touching-say, their arm or hand, etc.

staph is found all over the skin, actually I think mostly in the nose, but of course transfer can occur to any part of the body. staph is harmless in its normal form, but roblem's are arising because it has mutated. The mutated form(s) is resistant to most antibiotics. Thus, it is difficult to treat. Healthy people with good immune systems are not very vulnerable. However, when you have a pt that has incisions, wounds, etc and has been ill or is generally unhealthy they become very vulnerable. So, if you pick up the resistant strain whether it be from a coworker's arm or a patients infected wound and then come in contact with skin of another pt, this pt is at much higher risk of contracting an actually infection because of the broken skin and/or decreased immune function.

Nana_and_grandkids_minus_noah_max50

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Rate This | Posted over 5 years ago

 

Here in Va. there have been recent outbreaks of MRSA in schools. 2 schools have had to close bcause of this and a third, close to me, has a student they suspect of having this who was a wrestler. They had to wipe everything in the gym, mats etc., down and the student cannot return to school until he is cleared of that diagnosis. This is shocking!

0709092321_max50

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Rate This | Posted over 5 years ago

 

I live in Ohio and we have had the same thing. A couple of schools have been closed to do strict cleaning. However, it has mostly been students who are involved in sports.

154_max50

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Rate This | Posted over 5 years ago

 

We have been treating MRSA in Kentucky now for the past several years. At our home health agency we have seen more and more patients coming out the hospital with MRSA. We have been treating children with Community Acquired MRSA as well. This is definately an epidemic that the goverment needs to be paying attention too. Staph is mutating quicker than we can find treatments. I totally agree with the other postings on handwashing and not using antibiotics unless there is no other option.

Injured_max50

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Rate This | Posted over 5 years ago

 

There has been MRSA outbreaks in KY and OH schools. They are shutting schools down and trying to disinfect everything. My family is in the OH schools and my nephew is in a KY school. They are giving fliers out about hygiene and ways to prevent spreading. My niece just went to the hospital, she had "sores" all over her body. It was MRSA. But I didn't understand because they sent her home with a cream and Bactrum. She has drainage coming out of the sores. I thought she would have to be in isolation with open and draining sores. It seems it is everywhere now.